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From copernicus.org

Impact of the Late Miocene Cooling on the loss of coral reefs in the Central Indo-Pacific

1 1

Abstract. The Late Miocene Cooling (LMC) has been recognized as a global event in the climate record and posited as the start of modern ecosystems. Whereas shifts in modern terrestrial ecosystems around 7.0 – 5.5 Ma occur globally, little is known about changes in aquatic ecosystems. This is...

#reefs #cooling #miocene #preprint #weekendreading

9h ago

From copernicus.org

Characterizing the marine iodine cycle and its relationship to ocean deoxygenation in an Earth system model

0 1

Abstract. Iodine (I) abundance in marine carbonates (measured as an elemental ratio with calcium, I / Ca) is of broad interest as a proxy for local/regional ocean redox. This connection arises because the speciation of iodine in seawater, the balance between iodate (IO3-) and iodide (I−), is...

on Wed, 3PM

From copernicus.org

Global Carbon Budget 2024

0 5

Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project...

on Wed, 1AM

From copernicus.org

Direct observational evidence from space of the effect of CO2 increase on longwave spectral radiances: the unique role of high-spectral-resolution measurements

0 2

Abstract. We present a direct measurement of the impact of increased atmospheric CO2 on the spectra of the Earth's longwave radiation obtained from space. The goal of this study is to experimentally confirm that the direct effects of CO2 increase on the Earth's outgoing longwave spectra follow...

on Tue, 6PM

From copernicus.org

Global sea-level budget 1993–present

0 2

Abstract. Global mean sea level is an integral of changes occurring in the climate system in response to unforced climate variability as well as natural and anthropogenic forcing factors. Its temporal evolution allows changes (e.g., acceleration) to be detected in one or more components. Study...

on Tue, 12PM

From copernicus.org

Controls on the composition of hydroxylated isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) in cultivated ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota

0 0

Abstract. Membrane lipids of ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, in particular isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) and hydroxylated isoGDGTs (OH-isoGDGTs), have been used as biomarkers and as proxies in various environments. Controlled growth experiments have been used to...

on Nov 8

From copernicus.org

Results from a multi-laboratory ocean metaproteomic intercomparison: effects of LC-MS acquisition and data analysis procedures

0 0

Abstract. Metaproteomics is an increasingly popular methodology that provides information regarding the metabolic functions of specific microbial taxa and has potential for contributing to ocean ecology and biogeochemical studies. A blinded multi-laboratory intercomparison was conducted to...

on Nov 8

From copernicus.org

An updated synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2023: the SNAPO-CO2-v2 dataset

0 0

Abstract. Total alkalinity (AT) and dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) in the oceans are important properties to understand the ocean carbon cycle and its link with global change (ocean carbon sinks and sources, ocean acidification) and ultimately find carbon based solutions or mitigation...

on Nov 6

From copernicus.org

Physicochemical perturbation increases nitrous oxide production from denitrification in soils and sediments

0 0

Abstract. Atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas that is also responsible for significant stratospheric ozone depletion, have increased in response to the intensified use of agricultural fertilizers and other human activities that have accelerated nitrogen...

on Nov 6

From copernicus.org

Temperature-enhanced effects of iron on Southern Ocean phytoplankton

0 0

Abstract. Iron (Fe) is a key limiting nutrient for Southern Ocean phytoplankton. Input of Fe into the Southern Ocean is projected to change due to global warming, yet the combined effects of a concurrent increase in temperature with dissolved Fe (dFe) addition on phytoplankton growth and...

on Oct 28

From copernicus.org

Planning virtual and hybrid events: steps to improve inclusion and accessibility

0 0

Abstract. The past decade has seen a global transformation in how we communicate and connect with one another, making it easier to network and collaborate with colleagues worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid and unplanned shift toward virtual platforms, resulting in several...

on Oct 27

From copernicus.org

A critical review and presentation of the complete, historic series of K-indices as determined at Norwegian Magnetic Observatories since 1939

0 0

Abstract. The complete, existing, time series of K-indices from Norwegian observatories in Tromsø (TRO), Dombås (DOB) and Bear Island (BJN) has been digitized. The digitized time series are continuous spanning from 1939 (DOB) and 1947 (TRO) until 1998. Today, Tromsø Geophysical Observatory...

on Oct 25

From copernicus.org

Multifactorial effects of warming, low irradiance, and low salinity on Arctic kelps

0 0

Abstract. The Arctic is projected to warm by 2 to 5 °C by the end of the century. Warming causes melting of glaciers, shrinking of the areas covered by sea ice, and increased terrestrial runoff from snowfields and permafrost thawing. Warming, decreasing coastal underwater irradiance, and lower...

on Oct 25

From copernicus.org

Global seamless tidal simulation using a 3D unstructured-grid model (SCHISM v5.10.0)

0 0

Abstract. We present a new 3D unstructured-grid global ocean model to study both tidal and nontidal processes, with a focus on the total water elevation. Unlike existing global ocean models, the new model resolves estuaries and rivers down to ∼8 m without the need for grid nesting. The model is...

on Oct 24

From copernicus.org

Is there warming in the pipeline? A multi-model analysis of the Zero Emissions Commitment from CO2

0 0

Abstract. The Zero Emissions Commitment (ZEC) is the change in global mean temperature expected to occur following the cessation of net CO2 emissions and as such is a critical parameter for calculating the remaining carbon budget. The Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project...

on Oct 24

From copernicus.org

Providing quality-assessed and standardised soil data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2023)

0 0

Abstract. Snapshots derived from the World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) are served freely to the international community. These static datasets provide quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data that can be used to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad...

on Oct 22

From copernicus.org

State of Wildfires 2023–2024

0 0

Abstract. Climate change contributes to the increased frequency and intensity of wildfires globally, with significant impacts on society and the environment. However, our understanding of the global distribution of extreme fires remains skewed, primarily influenced by media coverage and...

on Oct 21

From copernicus.org

Negative social tipping dynamics resulting from and reinforcing Earth system destabilization

0 0

Abstract. In recent years, research on normatively positive social tipping dynamics in response to the climate crisis has produced invaluable insights. In contrast, relatively little attention has been given to the potentially negative social tipping processes that might unfold due to an...

on Oct 21

From copernicus.org

An updated assessment of past and future warming over France based on a regional observational constraint

0 0

Abstract. Building on CMIP6 climate simulations, updated global and regional observations, and recently introduced statistical methods, we provide an updated assessment of past and future warming over France. Following the IPCC AR6 and recent global-scale studies, we combine model results with...

on Oct 19

From copernicus.org

Spatial and temporal variability in the hydroxyl (OH) radical: understanding the role of large-scale climate features and their influence on OH through its dynamical and photochemical drivers

0 0

Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the primary atmospheric oxidant responsible for removing many important trace gases, including methane, from the atmosphere. Although robust relationships between OH drivers and modes of climate variability have been shown, the underlying mechanisms between...

on Oct 18

From copernicus.org

Could old tide gauges help estimate past atmospheric variability?

0 0

Abstract. The surge residual is the non-tidal component of coastal sea level. It responds to the atmospheric circulation, including the direct effect of atmospheric pressure on the sea surface. Tide gauges have been used to measure the sea level in coastal cities for centuries, with many records...

on Oct 18

From copernicus.org

The 2023 global warming spike was driven by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation

0 0

Abstract. Global-mean surface temperature rapidly increased 0.29 ± 0.04 K from 2022 to 2023. Such a large interannual global warming spike is not unprecedented in the observational record, with a previous instance occurring in 1976–1977. However, why such large global warming spikes occur is...

on Oct 17

From copernicus.org

Diachronic assessment of soil organic C and N dynamics under long-term no-till cropping systems in the tropical upland of Cambodia

0 0

Abstract. No-till (NT) cropping systems have been proposed as a strategy to combat soil degradation by storing soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). We quantified the impacts of NT cropping systems on the changes in SOC and TN stocks and in particulate and mineral-associated organic...

on Oct 16

From copernicus.org

Global impact of benthic denitrification on marine N2 fixation and primary production simulated by a variable-stoichiometry Earth system model

0 0

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) is a crucial limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in the ocean. The main source of bioavailable N in the ocean is delivered by N2-fixing diazotrophs in the surface layer. Since field observations of N2 fixation are spatially and temporally sparse, the fundamental...

on Oct 10

From copernicus.org

The role of air–sea heat flux for marine heatwaves in the Mediterranean Sea

0 0

Abstract. Recent studies have significantly contributed to understanding physical mechanisms associated with the occurrence of marine heatwaves (MHWs). Building upon prior research, this study investigates the relative role of air–sea heat exchange and oceanic processes during the onset and...

on Oct 10

From copernicus.org

Floods in the Pyrenees: a global view through a regional database

0 0

Abstract. This paper shows the first systematic dataset of flood episodes referring to the entire Pyrenees massif, named PIRAGUA_flood, which covers the period 1981–2015 (available at http://hdl.handle.net/10261/270351, last access: 21 July 2024). First, the structure of the database is detailed...

on Oct 7

From copernicus.org

The long-term sea-level commitment from Antarctica

0 0

Abstract. The evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is of vital importance given the coastal and societal implications of ice loss, with a potential to raise sea level by up to 58 m if it melts entirely. However, future ice-sheet trajectories remain highly uncertain. One of the main sources of...

on Oct 5

From copernicus.org

Nonparametric estimation of age-depth models from sedimentological and stratigraphic information

0 0

Abstract. Age-depth models are fundamental tools used in all geohistorical disciplines. They assign stratigraphic positions to ages (e.g., in drill cores or outcrops), which is necessary to estimate rates of past environmental change and establish timing of events in sedimentary sequences....

on Oct 1

From copernicus.org

Comparison of observation- and inventory-based methane emissions for eight large global emitters

0 0

Abstract. Monitoring the spatial distribution and trends in surface greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, as well as flux attribution to natural and anthropogenic processes, is essential to track progress under the Paris Agreement and to inform its global stocktake. This study updates earlier syntheses...

on Sep 30

From copernicus.org

Benchmarking soil multifunctionality

0 0

Abstract. Healthy soils provide multiple functions that importantly contribute to human wellbeing, including primary production, climate and water regulation, and supporting biodiversity. These functions can partially be combined and some functions also clearly trade-off: this motivates soil...

on Sep 26

From copernicus.org

A change in the relation between the Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole and the South Atlantic Ocean Dipole indices in the past four decades

0 0

Abstract. We utilized the global atmospheric reanalysis ERA5 and reconstructed sea surface temperature (SST) data from 1979 through 2020 to examine the stability of the relationship between the SST oscillations in the southern Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, as described by the Subtropical...

on Sep 25

From copernicus.org

A clumped isotope calibration of coccoliths at well-constrained culture temperatures for marine temperature reconstructions

0 0

Abstract. Numerous recent studies have tested the clumped isotope (Δ47) thermometer on a variety of biogenic carbonates such as foraminifera and bivalves and showed that most follow a common calibration. However, there may be a difference between biogenic-carbonate-based calibrations and the...

on Sep 23

From copernicus.org

Simulation of Arctic snow microwave emission in surface-sensitive atmosphere channels

0 0

Abstract. Accurate simulations of snow emission in surface-sensitive microwave channels are needed to separate snow from atmospheric information essential for numerical weather prediction. Measurements from a field campaign in Trail Valley Creek, Inuvik, Canada, during March 2018 were used to...

on Sep 15

From copernicus.org

Understanding the role of contrails and contrail cirrus in climate change: a global perspective

0 0

Abstract. Globally, emissions from aviation affect Earth's climate via complex processes. Contrail cirrus and carbon dioxide emissions are the largest factors contributing to aviation's radiative forcing on climate. Contrail cirrus, like natural cirrus clouds, impacts Earth's climate. Even with...

on Sep 13

From copernicus.org

Can we reliably reconstruct the mid-Pliocene Warm Period with sparse data and uncertain models?

0 0

Abstract. We present a reconstruction of the surface climate of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), specifically Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) KM5c or 3.205 Ma. We combine the ensemble of climate model simulations, which contributed to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), with...

on Sep 12

From copernicus.org

Multi-tracer study of gas trapping in an East Antarctic ice core

0 0

Abstract. We study a firn and ice core drilled at the new “Lock-In” site in East Antarctica, located 136 km away from Concordia station towards Dumont d'Urville. High-resolution chemical and physical measurements were performed on the core, with a particular focus on the trapping zone of the...

on Sep 10

From copernicus.org

Impulse response functions as a framework for quantifying ocean-based carbon dioxide removal

0 0

Abstract. Limiting global warming to 2 °C by the end of the century requires dramatically reducing CO2 emissions, and also implementing carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. A promising avenue is marine CDR through ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). However, quantifying carbon removal...

on Sep 9

From copernicus.org

Arctic glacier snowline altitudes rise 150 m over the last 4 decades

0 0

Abstract. The number of Arctic glaciers with direct, long-term measurements of mass balance is limited. Here we used satellite-based observations of the glacier snowline altitude (SLA), the location of the transition between snow cover and ice late in the summer, to approximate the position of...

on Sep 7

From copernicus.org

SERGHEI v2.0: introducing a performance-portable, high-performance three-dimensional variably-saturated subsurface flow solver (SERGHEI-RE)

0 1

Abstract. Advances in high-performance parallel computing have significantly enhanced the speed of large-scale hydrological simulations. However, the diversity and rapid evolution of available computational systems and hardware devices limit model flexibility and increase code maintenance...

on Sep 5

From copernicus.org

Lipid remodeling in phytoplankton exposed to multi-environmental drivers in a mesocosm experiment

0 1

Abstract. Lipid remodeling, the modification of cell membrane chemistry via structural rearrangements within the lipid pool of an organism, is a common physiological response amongst all domains of life to alleviate environmental stress and maintain cellular homeostasis. Whereas culture...

on Sep 4

From copernicus.org

Drivers of decadal trends in the ocean carbon sink in the past, present, and future in Earth system models

0 1

Abstract. The ocean and the land biosphere are the two major sinks of anthropogenic carbon at present. When anthropogenic carbon emissions become zero and temperatures stabilize, the ocean is projected to become the dominant and only global natural sink of carbon. Despite the ocean's importance...

on Sep 4

From copernicus.org

Why does stratospheric aerosol forcing strongly cool the warm pool?

0 1

Abstract. Previous research has shown that stratospheric aerosol causes only a small temperature change per unit forcing because they produce stronger cooling in the tropical Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean than in the global mean. The enhanced temperature change in this so-called...

on Sep 3

From copernicus.org

Global ensemble of temperatures over 1850–2018: quantification of uncertainties in observations, coverage, and spatial modeling (GETQUOCS)

0 0

Abstract. Instrumental global temperature records are derived from the network of in situ measurements of land and sea surface temperatures. This observational evidence is seen as being fundamental to climate science. Therefore, the accuracy of these measurements is of prime importance for the...

on Sep 1

From copernicus.org

The contribution of transport emissions to ozone mixing ratios and methane lifetime in 2015 and 2050 in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs)

0 1

Abstract. We quantify the contributions of emissions from the transport sector to tropospheric ozone and the hydroxyl radical (OH) by means of model simulations with a global chemistry-climate model equipped with a source attribution method. For the first time we applied a method which allows to...

on Aug 30

From copernicus.org

Technical note: Evaluation of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Cy48R1 upgrade of June 2023

0 0

Abstract. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) provides daily analyses and forecasts of the composition of the atmosphere, including the reactive gases such as O3, CO, NO2, HCHO and SO2; aerosol species; and greenhouse gases. The global CAMS analysis system (IFS-COMPO) is based on...

on Aug 29

From copernicus.org

A Bayesian approach towards daily pan-Arctic sea ice freeboard estimates from combined CryoSat-2 and Sentinel-3 satellite observations

0 0

Abstract. Observations of sea ice freeboard from satellite radar altimeters are crucial in the derivation of sea ice thickness estimates, which in turn provide information on sea ice forecasts, volume budgets, and productivity rates. Current spatio-temporal resolution of radar freeboard is...

on Aug 29

From copernicus.org

Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?

0 0

Abstract. Human-induced atmospheric composition changes cause a radiative imbalance at the top of the atmosphere which is driving global warming. This Earth energy imbalance (EEI) is the most critical number defining the prospects for continued global warming and climate change. Understanding...

on Aug 29

From copernicus.org

Cautionary remarks on the planetary boundary visualisation

0 0

Abstract. The planetary boundary (PB) concept has captured attention across academia and the public alike. Its unique visual representation has been key to the development of the concept and its dissemination. In this commentary, we outline three areas of concern to facilitate further...

on Aug 26

From copernicus.org

Missing the (tipping) point: the effect of information about climate tipping points on public risk perceptions in Norway

0 1

Abstract. Climate tipping points are a topic of growing interest in climate research and a frequent communication tool in the media to warn of dangerous climate change. Despite indications that several climate tipping points may already be triggered within 1.5 to 2 °C warming above...

on Aug 15

From copernicus.org

Annual mass changes for each glacier in the world from 1976 to 2023

0 1

Abstract. Glaciers, distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, play a crucial role in Earth's climate system by affecting global sea levels, freshwater availability, nutrient and energy budgets and regional climate patterns. Accurate measurements of glacier mass changes are needed to...

on Aug 13